Focus Group.

1.     Do you think you learnt a lot on the class?

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2.     What do you think of our teaching?

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3.     Did you enjoy the class?

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4.     Was there anything, in your opinion, missing in the class?

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Decanting

To pour off the liquid without disturbing the sedative, or solid, which has settled at the bottom.

 Filtration

A way to separate insoluble material from a liquid is to filter the mixture. Filtration can be used to separate a mixture of water and an insoluble solid.

Filter paper is a special paper that has tiny holes in it. These holes are so small that they do not let any solids pass through them. To see these holes you would need to use a microscope. The filter paper traps the solids but allows the water to filter slowly through into the container below. The filtered water is called the filtrate. Other materials can also be used as filters. Use the material listed below to design a filter which will allow you to collect a sample of clean water from a sample of muddy water.

Evaporation

Evaporation is used to separate a soluble solid from a mixture called a solution. The solid is recovered and the liquid escapes as a gas or vapour from the surface at all temperatures.    

Distillation

Distillation is a technique used throughout industry to separate and purify liquids. 

Distillation is used to separate a soluble solid and a liquid to obtain the liquid. It is also used to separate liquids from other substances in solution. It uses the difference in boiling points of liquids to separate them from the other substances. 

To obtain a pure liquid from a mixture, the mixture is heated until the liquid with the lowest boiling point vaporises. This vapour is cooled so it condenses back to a liquid. The pure liquid can then be collected.

Paper Chromatography                                                                                                             

Chromatography is a method used to separate mixtures dissolved in a solvent. The simplest form of chromatography is called paper chromatography. A drop of a solution of the mixture to be separated is placed on a type of absorbent paper called chromatography paper and then dipped into a solvent. As the solvent soaks up through the paper it carries the mixture with it, but because different substances dissolve in the paper at different rates, the solvent carries some parts of the mixture further than others, so separating them.

Class plan.

Intro:               Separation.

The students will know:

þ Decanting.

þ Filtration.

þ Evaporation.

þ Distillation.

þ Paper chromatography.

By the end of class.

Class:

1.     Read chapter intro from book yourself.

2.     Prepare to ask five students to read from book.  One student for each section.

3.     Summarise what you have read on board:

a.     DECANTING:  to pour off the liquid without disturbing the sediment, or solid, this has settled to the bottom of the jar.

b.     FILTRATION:  the process of passing a liquid (or gas) through a filter, e.g. filter paper, in order to remove solid particles.

c.      EVAPORATION:  to change a liquid into a vapour, by heating it, leaving only the dry solid particles behind.

d.     DISTILLATION:  the evaporation and collection of a liquid by condensation so as to separate the two liquids.

e.     PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY:  a process used for separating mixtures, e.g. marker ink, into their different components.  

4.     During summary show poster.

5.     Give out information sheet.

Pre Class Test.

1.      What is in the difference between an animal and plant cell?

2.      What is the upper bone in your arm?

3.      A mixture of sand and water can be separated by?

4.      Why can’t you separate a mixture of salt and water by filtration?

5.       what is the difference between a tendon and a ligament?

6.       what do you prefer in class:

a.       to read from a book.

b.      to listen to others reading from the book.

c.       the watch a DVD.

d.      other.

7.       what helps you study:

a.       listening to music.

b.      studying in a group.

c.       in silence at home.

d.      other.